Fat-dissolving injections are cosmetic treatments designed to reduce small, localized fat deposits by destroying fat cells. The only FDA-approved product for this purpose in the United States is deoxycholic acid (brand name Kybella), which is approved for use under the chin to treat submental fat, commonly called a “double chin.” These injections work by breaking down fat cell membranes so the body can naturally clear them over time. Several sessions, usually two to six spaced four to six weeks apart, are often needed to achieve noticeable results. While treated fat cells are permanently destroyed, maintaining results still requires a stable weight, as weight gain can create new fat deposits in untreated areas.

The effectiveness of Kybella for submental fat is well supported by clinical studies, but evidence for other fat-dissolving products—such as phosphatidylcholine and deoxycholate mixtures or brands like Aqualyx—is limited and less consistent. Side effects are common and include swelling, bruising, numbness, redness, and temporary firmness at the injection site. More serious but less frequent risks include nerve injury that can cause facial asymmetry, infection, ulceration, or even tissue necrosis, particularly with non-approved products. The FDA warns against receiving fat-dissolving injections from unlicensed providers or with unregulated cocktails, as these have been linked to severe complications.